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The Basilica of Saint Mary in Cosmedin ((イタリア語:Basilica di Santa Maria in Cosmedin) or ''de Schola Graeca'') is a minor basilica church in Rome, Italy. It is located in the rione of Ripa. == History == The church was built in the 8th century during the Byzantine Papacy over the remains of the ''Templum Herculis Pompeiani'' in the Forum Boarium and of the ''Statio annonae'', one of the food distribution centres of ancient Rome (another is to be found at the Theatre of Balbus). A deaconry was a place where charity distributions were given to the poor, and it looks likely that such an institution would have been built near the Roman ''annona''. Since it was located near many Byzantine structures, in 7th century this church was called ''de Schola Graeca'', and a close street is still called ''della Greca''. Greek monks escaping iconoclastic persecutions decorated the church around 782, when pope Adrian I promoted its reconstruction; the church was built with a nave and two aisles and a portico. Because of its beauty, the church received the adjective ''cosmedin'' (from Greek ''kosmidion''), ornate. A sacristy and an oratory dedicated to St. Nicholas were added in the 9th century, by order of Pope Nicholas I, who also built a papal residence, but they were destroyed in the Sack of Rome (1084) by Robert Guiscard's Norman troops. Santa Maria in Cosmedin was the titular church of Popes Gelasius II and Celestine III, as well as antipope Benedict XIII.Among the former titular cardinal deacons of the church was Reginald Pole, the last Roman Catholic Archbishop of Canterbury. A substantial restoration was accomplished in 1118–1124 under Alfanus, camerarius of Pope Callixtus II. After being acquired by Benedictines and a period of decay, in 1718 the church was brought up to a Baroque style, mainly expressed by a new façade, by Giuseppe Sardi in 1718. The Baroque additions, however, were removed in the restoration of 1894–1899 together with the coat-of-arms of Pope Clement XI. A scene from the 1953 romantic comedy movie ''Roman Holiday'' was filmed in Santa Maria in Cosmedin. In the scene, "Joe" played by Gregory Peck shocks the "Anya/Princess Ann" played by Audrey Hepburn by pretending to lose his hand in the Bocca della Verità. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Santa Maria in Cosmedin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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